Alternative Investments 101: Definition, Types & Examples

alternative investments

TL;DR

Alternative investments refer to asset classes that fall outside the realm of traditional investments such as stocks, bonds, and cash.

These investments include a wide range of assets, including:

  • Real estate
  • Private equity
  • Hedge funds
  • Commodities
  • Collectibles

And more.

They often require a higher degree of expertise and can be less liquid than traditional investments, but they also offer the potential for higher returns and diversification benefits.

Let’s have a closer look at each one.

Types of Alternative Investments

Real Estate

Investing in real estate involves purchasing property, whether residential, commercial, or industrial, to generate rental income or profit from appreciation. Real estate can provide a steady cash flow and act as a hedge against inflation.

Private Equity

Private equity involves investing in privately-held companies that are not listed on public stock exchanges.

These investments typically come through private equity funds, venture capital, or direct investments in startups. Private equity offers the potential for high returns but often comes with higher risk and a longer investment horizon.

Hedge Funds

Hedge funds are pooled investment funds that employ diverse strategies to generate high returns for their investors.

These strategies can include leveraging, short-selling, and derivatives trading. Hedge funds aim to achieve positive returns regardless of market conditions, but they can be complex and carry significant risk.

Commodities

Commodities include physical assets such as gold, silver, oil, and agricultural products. Investing in commodities can provide diversification and act as a hedge against inflation and currency fluctuations.

These investments can be made directly by purchasing the physical commodity or indirectly through futures contracts and commodity-focused funds.

Collectibles

Collectibles such as art, antiques, rare coins, and wine can also be considered alternative investments.

These assets are valued for their uniqueness and rarity. Investing in collectibles can be highly speculative and requires specialized knowledge, but they can also offer substantial returns and serve as a store of value.

Advantages of Alternative Investments

Diversification

One of the primary benefits of alternative investments is diversification.

These assets often have a low correlation with traditional investments, meaning their performance can be independent of stock and bond markets. This can help reduce overall portfolio risk and volatility.

Potential for Higher Returns

Alternative investments can offer the potential for higher returns compared to traditional investments.

For instance, private equity and real estate have historically provided significant returns to investors willing to accept higher risk and longer investment horizons.

Inflation Hedge

Many alternative investments, such as real estate and commodities, act as hedges against inflation.

As the value of money decreases due to inflation, the value of these tangible assets tends to increase, preserving the investor’s purchasing power.

Key Considerations for Investors

Liquidity

Alternative investments are often less liquid than traditional assets. This means they can be harder to buy or sell quickly without affecting their price.

Investors need to be comfortable with the possibility of holding these investments for longer periods.

Expertise

Investing in alternative assets typically requires specialized knowledge and expertise. Due diligence is crucial to understand the unique risks and opportunities associated with each type of investment.

Risk

Alternative investments can carry higher risks compared to traditional investments. These risks can include market risk, liquidity risk, and operational risk.

It’s important for investors to thoroughly assess their risk tolerance and investment goals before venturing into alternative investments.

Wrapping Up

Alternative investments provide a valuable opportunity for diversifying investment portfolios and potentially achieving higher returns.

By understanding the various types of alternative assets and their associated risks and benefits, investors can make informed decisions that align with their financial goals.

Interested in learning more VC related terms? Head over to our VC glossary!